Jeeeez, I haven't been on in a million years! Well, my significant other has moved in with me so it's been a while getting situated. Anyways I was going around my "for reference" collection, including some papers I got in my classes, and writing up notes on how to make a successful background (as well as a scene as a whole). Does anyone have anything to add?
Background Notes
-blur the foreground and/or background when the character's expression/internal feelings and emotions are important (or when it looks cool)
-abstract backgrounds (may or may not be traditionally-painted) are okay on a close-up with extreme emotion, and only rarely ((this one is specific to me and my book illustrations))
-start with a thumbnail that shows composition and value/lighting estimations
-when adding value and tone, simplify mass tones first
-limit the tones to 3-5 values in the initial stages
-overlap stuff to show depth
-progress to the darkest colors to avoid missing important values
-background has the least amount of contrast (and saturation), middleground is normal, and foreground has the most; however, remember that the focal point is achieved by lots of contrast
-only use colored outlines (except of course in dark/black areas); faraway low-contrast scenery should have no outlines (should colored outlines apply to the characters too? if so, they should still be darker than background outlines) ((again, this applies to my art and my preferences))
-turn the scene to grayscale to test hues and if the character stands out from the background
-avoid symmetry
-have dynamic angles; no horizontal or vertical lines
-avoid tangential lines
-avoid the temptation to move on or add details until it is appropriate
-always refer to the whole and don't concentrate on a small peripheral focus for too long; constantly check relationships of one area's value/shape to another (squinting helps)
-remember cast shadows
-composition is about guiding the viewer's eye around a pic:
-to go this way, use: graduations/gradations, continuations, soft edges, open shapes, similar colors (values, temperatures, intensities), overlapping
-to go another way, use: sudden contrasts, blocking or ending edges or lines, hard edges, closed shapes, contrasting colors
-long/wide horizontal lines/shapes: repose, calm, peace, restfulness, finality, space, quiet, depth
-long/high vertical lines/shapes: dignity, austerity, height, imperious, tension, strength, monumental
-diagonal strokes/shapes/lines: tension, dynamics
-gothic arch: mystery, contemplation, aspiration, spiritual, awe
-vertical and horizontal lines together: stolidity, enduring, solidity, protective, stubbornness
-curvilinear shapes/lines and subtle changes of direction create fluidity
Character/Subject Notes
-push your poses
-remember line of action
-make sure the silhouette clearly shows the character's pose, as well as mood
-poses have to give a clear understanding of the shot
-get contours right (in shading/highlighting) to show volume convincingly
-think about a shape as a box to know how much of a plane would be shaded/highlighted; consider planar changes, like where one plane would end and another begin
-again, cast shadows exist
(I constantly forget about cast shadows because I rarely draw full scenes)
If you have any more advice or want me to elaborate on anything, lemme know in the comments! Feel free to save this as your own reference if you want to as well. Let's all add to it!